Government Regulation of Reproductive Hazards: Hearing Before the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, First Session, October 2, 1991, Volume 4 |
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30 chemicals action level addition adverse reproductive Agency air pollutants alternative analysis biological biomarkers blood lead levels cancer Capital Cost Sk carcinogens cells Chairman GLENN concern contaminants Coping With Lead developmental and reproductive developmental hazards developmental health developmental toxicity dose Dose-Response Assessment dosimetry drinking water endpoints environmental EPA's epidemiologic estimates evaluate exposure extrapolation Federal FIFRA function genetic genotoxic guidelines Hazard Identification health effects HERL human health identify immunotoxic inert ingredients Install Inhibitors Install pH/alk lead service lines methods mixtures monitoring neurotoxicity Neurotoxicology O&M SK Office OSHA percent pesticides pharmacokinetic pipe replacement population posure potential protect public health regulation regulatory reproductive and developmental reproductive effects reproductive hazards reproductive or developmental reproductive toxicity response result risk assessment rodent sensitive solder source water specific standards studies Systems Serving tion tobacco smoke Toxic Substances Toxicology Toxicology Division U.S. EPA ug/l vitro
Popular passages
Page 576 - food additive" means any substance the intended use of which results or may reasonably be expected to result, directly or indirectly, in its becoming a component or otherwise affecting the characteristics of any food...
Page 142 - But apart from this contemporary mood, the ideas of economists and political philosophers, both when they are right and when they are wrong, are more powerful than is commonly understood. Indeed the world is ruled by little else.
Page 545 - ... generally recognized, among experts qualified by scientific training and experience to evaluate its safety, as having been adequately shown through scientific procedures (or, in the case of a substance used in food prior to January 1, 1958.
Page 575 - ... not be deemed unsafe if such residue in or on the raw agricultural commodity has been removed to the extent possible, in good manufacturing practice and the concentration of such residue in the processed food when ready to eat is not greater than the tolerance prescribed for the raw agricultural commodity...
Page 575 - For the purposes of this section, the principles for evaluating safety of additives set forth in the above-mentioned publications will apply to any substance that may properly be classified as a food additive as defined in section 201 (s) of the act.
Page 575 - ... additive will be safe: Except where evidence is submitted which justifies use of a different safety factor, a safety factor of 100 to 1 will be used...
Page 575 - ... (B) the cumulative effect of such additive in the diet of man or animals, taking into account any chemically or pharmacologically related substance or substances in such diet; and (C) safety factors which in the opinion of experts qualified by scientific training and experience to evaluate the safety of food additives are generally recognized as appropriate for the use of animal experimentation data.
Page 575 - ... petition will not be denied, however, by reason of the petitioner's having followed procedures other than those outlined in the publications of the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council if, from available evidence, the Commissioner finds that the procedures used give results as reliable as, or more reliable than, those reasonably to be expected from the use of the outlined procedures. In reaching a decision, the Commissioner will give due weight to the anticipated levels and...
Page 576 - General recognition of safety through experience based on common use in food prior to January 1, 1958, may be determined without the quantity or quality of scientific procedures required for approval of a food additive regulation. General recognition of safety through experience based on com21 CFR Ch. I (4-1-95 Edition) mon use in food prior to January 1, 1958, shall ordinarily be based upon generally available data and information.
Page 576 - Because of the large number of substances the intended use of which results or may reasonably be expected to result, directly or indirectly, in their becoming a component or otherwise affecting the characteristics of food, it is impracticable to list all such substances that are GRAS. A food ingredient of natural biological origin that has been widely consumed for its nutrient properties in the United States prior to January 1, 1958...