Toxics Release Inventory (1992): Public Data Release

Front Cover
DIANE Publishing, 1996 - Technology & Engineering - 500 pages
A comprehensive review & summary for the 1992 requirements for toxic chemical release. Explains in detail the reporting, strategy & results by state, industry & company. A discussion of pollution prevention activities & results is provided. Appendices include a complete question & answer section. Over 200 charts, tables & state maps.
 

Contents

INTRODUCTION AN EXPLANATION OF RELEASES AND TRANSFERS Releases
21
Offsite Transfers
23
WHAT TO CONSIDER WHEN USING TRI DATA
26
Exposure Considerations
27
1992 TRI DATA BY STATE
29
1992 TRI DATA BY INDUSTRY
42
Top 50 Facilities
45
Use Toxicity and Environmental Fate Information on the Top 10 Chemicals with Largest Total Releases
50
Metals and Metal Compounds
64
Ozone Depleters
69
OSHA Carcinogens
74
Bioaccumulators
83
INTRODUCTION
99
WHAT WASTE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION IS COLLECTED?
100
QUANTITIES OF TRI CHEMICALS IN WASTE
103
ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH THE WASTE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION REPORTED FOR 1992
128
Understanding What Specific Elements Mean
129
WHAT IS BEING DONE TO REDUCE THESE WASTES?
131
Calculating an Indicator of Changes in Quantities of Toxic Chemicals in Wastes
148
Changes in Quantities of Toxic Chemicals in Wastes at the National Level
150
INTRODUCTION Baseline Year Chemical List Changes
155
1991 TO 1992 DATA COMPARISONS
156
1991 to 1992 Releases by Media
157
1991 to 1992 Transfers by Transfer Type
159
Changes in Air Emissions of 111Trichloroethane
160
1991 to 1992 Comparison of Number of Facilities
164
1992 TRI Top Decreasers in AirWaterLand Releases
167
1992 TRI Top Increasers in AirWaterLand Releases
172
1992 TRI Top Decreasers in Underground Injection
176
1992 TRI Top Increasers in Underground Injection
179
19881990 to 1992 Releases and Transfers
182
19881990 to 1992 Number of Facilities and Forms
186
1988 19901992 Comparison of TRI Releases by Industry
190
198819901992 Comparison of TRI Releases of Ozone Depleters and Carcinogens
191
REASONS FACILITY RELEASETRANSFER ESTIMATES CHANGE
193
Survey Results of Reasons for Change for 19891990
194
198819901992 TRI Releases and Transfers by State Industry and Chemical
195

Common terms and phrases

Popular passages

Page 131 - ... reduces the hazards to public health and the environment associated with the release of such substances, pollutants, or contaminants. The term includes equipment or technology modifications, process or procedure modifications, reformulation or redesign of products, substitution of raw materials, and improvements in housekeeping, maintenance, training, or inventory control.
Page 53 - Carcinogenicity. There is currently no evidence to suggest that this chemical is carcinogenic. Environmental Fate. Releases of hydrochloric acid to surface waters and soils will be neutralized to an extent due to the buffering capacities of both systems. The extent of these reactions will depend on the characteristics of the specific environment. Physical Properties. Concentrated hydrochloric acid is highly corrosive.
Page 131 - source reduction" to mean any practice which: • reduces the amount of any hazardous substance, pollutant or contaminant entering any waste stream or otherwise released into the environment (including fugitive emissions) prior to recycling, treatment, or disposal; and • reduces the hazards to public health and the environment associated with the release of such substances, pollutants or contaminants.
Page 133 - Use of a different process catalyst W54 Instituted better controls on operating bulk containers to minimize discarding of empty containers W55 Changed from small volume containers to bulk containers to minimize discarding of empty containers W58 Other process modifications Cleaning and Degreasing W59 Modified stripping/cleaning equipment W60 Changed to mechanical stripping/cleaning devices (from solvents or other materials) W61 Changed to aqueous cleaners (from solvents or other materials) W63 Modified...
Page 99 - Some practices commonly described as "in-process recycling" may qualify as pollution prevention. Recycling that is conducted in an environmentally sound manner shares many of the advantages of prevention — it can reduce the need for treatment or disposal, and conserve energy and resources.
Page 13 - EPA database that contains information on toxic chemical releases and other waste management activities reported annually by certain covered industry groups and federal facilities.
Page 133 - ... cleaners (from solvents or other materials) W63 Modified containment procedures for cleaning units W64 Improved draining procedures W65 Redesigned parts racks to reduce dragout W66 Modified or installed rinse systems W67 Improved rinse equipment design W68 Improved rinse equipment operation W71 Other cleaning and degreasing modifications Surface Preparation and Finishing W72 Modified spray systems or equipment W73 Substituted coating materials used W74 Improved application techniques W75 Changed...
Page 8 - The chemical is known to cause or can reasonably be anticipated to cause, because of— (i) its toxicity, (ii) its toxicity and persistence in the environment, or (iii) its toxicity and tendency to bioaccumulate in the environment, a significant adverse effect on the environment of sufficient seriousness, in the judgment of the Administrator, to warrant reporting under this section.
Page 50 - ... in nitrogen-limited waters such as the Chesapeake Bay. In addition, aqueous ammonia is moderately toxic to aquatic organisms. Carcinogenicity. There is currently no evidence to suggest that this chemical is carcinogenic. Environmental Fate. Ammonia combines with sulfate ions in the atmosphere and is washed out by rainfall, resulting in rapid return of ammonia to the soil and surface waters. Ammonia is a central compound in the environmental cycling of nitrogen. Ammonia in lakes, rivers, and streams...

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