integrate its activities with the Common Sense Initiative Workgroup. One of the issues to be examined by the workgroup are integrated permits for watersheds. Region IX is working with the National Enforcement Investigation Center on a multi-media petroleum refining enforcement initiative.

VIII.B. EPA Voluntary Programs

33/50 Program

The "33/50 Program" is EPA's voluntary program to reduce toxic chemical releases and transfers of seventeen chemicals from manufacturing facilities. Participating companies pledge to reduce their toxic chemical releases and transfers by 33 percent as of 1992 and by 50 percent as of 1995 from the 1988 baseline year. Certificates of Appreciation have been given out to participants meeting their 1992 goals. The list of chemicals includes seventeen high-use chemicals reported in the Toxics Release Inventory. Exhibit 30 lists those companies participating in the 33/50 program that reported the SIC code 2911 to TRI. Many of the companies shown listed multiple SIC codes and, therefore, are likely to carry out operations in addition to petroleum refining. The SIC codes reported by each company are listed in no particular order. In addition, the number of facilities within each company that are participating in the 33/50 program and that report SIC 2911 to TRI are shown. Finally, each company's total 1993 releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals and the percent reduction in these chemicals since 1988 are presented.

The petroleum refining industry as a whole used, generated or processed all seventeen target TRI chemicals. Of the target chemicals, benzene, toluene, xylene and methyl ethyl ketone are released and transferred most frequently and in similar quantities. These four toxic chemicals account for about 5 percent of TRI releases and transfers from petroleum refining facilities. Twenty six companies listed under SIC 2911 are currently participating in the 33/50 program. They account for 29 percent of the 91 companies carrying out petroleum refining operations, which is significantly higher than the average for all industries of 14 percent participation. Exhibit 30 also shows that within these 26 companies, 99 facilities reporting SIC 2911 are participating in the 33/50 program. This comprises about 62 percent of the petroleum refining facilities reporting to TRI. (For more information, contact: Mike Burns, 202-260-6394 or the 33/50 Program 202-260-6907)

Exhibit 30: 33/50 Program Participants Reporting SIC 2911 (Petroleum Refining)

The Environmental Leadership Program (ELP) is a national initiative piloted by EPA and state agencies in which facilities have volunteered to demonstrate innovative approaches to environmental management and compliance. EPA has selected 12 pilot projects at industrial facilities and federal installations which will demonstrate the principles of the ELP program. These principles include: environmental management systems, multimedia compliance assurance, third-party verification of compliance,

Project XL

Green Lights Program

public measures of accountability, community involvement, and mentoring programs. In return for participating, pilot participants receive public recognition and are given a period of time to correct any violations discovered during these experimental projects. At present, no petroleum refineries are carrying out ELP pilot projects. (Contact: Tai-ming Chang, ELP Director 202-564-5081 or Robert Fentress 202-564-7023)

Project XL was initiated in March 1995 as a part of President Clinton's Reinventing Environmental Regulation initiative. The projects seek to achieve cost effective environmental benefits by allowing participants to replace or modify existing regulatory requirements on the condition that they produce greater environmental benefits. EPA and program participants will negotiate and sign a Final Project Agreement, detailing specific objectives that the regulated entity shall satisfy. In exchange, EPA will allow the participant a certain degree of regulatory flexibility and may seek changes in underlying regulations or statutes. Participants are encouraged to seek stakeholder support from local governments, businesses, and environmental groups. EPA hopes to implement fifty pilot projects in four categories including facilities, sectors, communities, and government agencies regulated by EPA. Applications will be accepted on a rolling basis and projects will move to implementation within six months of their selection. For additional information regarding XL Projects, including application procedures and criteria, see the May 23, 1995 Federal Register Notice. (Contact Jon Kessler at EPA's Office of Policy Analysis 202-260-4034)

EPA's Green Lights program was initiated in 1991 and has the goal of preventing pollution by encouraging U.S. institutions to use energy-efficient lighting technologies. The program has over 1,500 participants which include major corporations; small and medium sized businesses; federal, state and local governments; non-profit groups; schools; universities; and health care facilities. Each participant is required to survey their facilities and upgrade lighting wherever it is profitable. EPA provides technical assistance to the participants through a decision support software package, workshops and manuals, and a financing registry. EPA's Office of Air and Radiation is responsible for operating the Green Lights Program. (Contact: Maria Tikoff at 202-233-9178 or the Green Light/Energy Star Hotline at 202-775-6650)

Waste Wise Program

The Waste Wi$e Program was started in 1994 by EPA's Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. The program is aimed at reducing municipal solid wastes by promoting waste minimization, recycling collection and the manufacturing and purchase of recycled products. As of 1994, the program had about 300 companies as members, including a number of major corporations. Members agree to identify and implement actions to reduce their solid wastes and must provide EPA with their waste reduction goals along with yearly progress reports. EPA in turn provides technical assistance to member companies and allows the use of the Waste Wi$e logo for promotional purposes. (Contact: Lynda Wynn 202-260-0700 or the Waste Wi$e Hotline at 800-372-9473)

Climate Wise Recognition Program

The Climate Change Action Plan was initiated in response to the U.S. commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with the Climate Change Convention of the 1990 Earth Summit. As part of the Climate Change Action Plan, the Climate Wise Recognition Program is a partnership initiative run jointly by EPA and the Department of Energy. The program is designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by encouraging reductions across all sectors of the economy, encouraging participation in the full range of Climate Change Action Plan initiatives, and fostering innovation. Participants in the program are required to identify and commit to actions that reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The program, in turn, gives organizations early recognition for their reduction commitments; provides technical assistance through consulting services, workshops, and guides; and provides access to the program's centralized information system. At EPA, the program is operated by the Air and Energy Policy Division within the Office of Policy Planning and Evaluation. (Contact: Pamela Herman 202260-4407)

NICE3

The U.S. Department of Energy and EPA's Office of Pollution Prevention are jointly administering a grant program called The National Industrial Competitiveness through Energy, Environment, and Economics (NICE3). By providing grants of up to 50 percent of the total project cost, the program encourages industry to reduce industrial waste at its source and become more energy-efficient and cost-competitive through waste minimization efforts. Grants are used by industry to design, test, demonstrate, and assess the feasibility of new processes and/or equipment with the potential to reduce pollution and increase energy efficiency. The program is open to all industries; however, priority is given to proposals from participants in the

pulp and paper, chemicals, primary metals, and petroleum and coal products sectors. The program has worked with the petroleum industry to evaluate the feasibility of using a closed-loop solvent extraction system to recover organic material from solid wastes normally disposed of off-site. (Contact: DOE's Golden Field Office 303-275-4729)

VIII.C. Trade Association/Industry Sponsored Activity

VIII.C.1. Environmental Programs

Global Environmental Management Initiative

The Global Environmental Management Initiative (GEMI) is made up of group of leading companies dedicated to fostering environmental excellence by business. GEMI promotes a worldwide business ethic for environmental management and sustainable development, to improve the environmental performance of business through example and leadership. In 1994, GEMI's membership consisted of about 30 major corporations including Amoco Corporation.

Amoco - U.S. EPA Pollution Prevention Project

The Amoco - U.S. EPA Pollution Prevention Project was a voluntary joint project to study pollution prevention opportunities at an industrial facility. The Amoco Oil Company's refinery at Yorktown, Virginia was used to conduct a multi-media assessment of releases to the environment, then to develop and evaluate options to reduce these releases. The project identified pollutant release points and cost effective pollution prevention techniques. In addition, a number of important observations were made relating to: differences in TRI estimated releases and actual releases, regulatory obstacles to implementing pollution prevention programs, and incentives for pollution prevention. A project summary report was issued in January 1992.112

API Residual Management Survey

The American Petroleum Institute (API) has conducted yearly surveys of residual materials generation and residual management practices at refineries. The survey collects data on about 30 different waste streams, their management techniques and pollution prevention activities of API members. A yearly report is issued titled, "Generation and Management of Residual Materials." This report is available from the American Petroleum Institute.